1. Ngokuvamile kunezindlela ezimbili zokuhlonza idigri ye-vacuum, enye iwukusebenzisa ukucindezela okuphelele (okungukuthi: idigri ye-vacuum ephelele) ukuze kukhonjwe, kanti enye iwukusebenzisa ukucindezela okulinganiselwe (okungukuthi: idigri ye-vacuum ehlobene) ukuze kukhonjwe.
2. Lokhu okubizwa ngokuthi “ukucindezela okuphelele” kusho ukuthi iphampu ye-vacuum ixhunywe kusitsha sokuthola. Ngemuva kwesikhathi esanele sokupompa okuqhubekayo, ukucindezela esitsheni akuqhubeki ukwehla futhi kugcina inani elithile. Ngalesi sikhathi, inani lokucindezela kwegesi esitsheni inani eliphelele lephampu. ingcindezi. Uma kungekho nhlobo igesi esitsheni, khona-ke ingcindezi ephelele ingu-zero, okuyisimo se-vacuum yethiyori. Empeleni, ingcindezi ephelele yephampu ye-vacuum iphakathi kuka-0 no-101.325KPa. Inani lokucindezela eliphelele lidinga ukulinganiswa ngethuluzi lokucindezela eliphelele. Ku-20°C nokuphakama = 0, inani lokuqala lensimbi ngu-101.325KPa. Ngamafuphi, umfutho womoya ohlonzwa “nge-vacuum ye-theoretical” njengereferensi ubizwa ngokuthi: “ingcindezi ephelele” noma “i-absolute vacuum”.
3. “I-vacuum ehlobene” ibhekisela kumehluko phakathi kokucindezela kwento elinganisiwe kanye nokucindezela komkhathi wendawo yokulinganisa. Kukalwa nge-vacuum gauge evamile. Uma i-vacuum ingekho, inani lokuqala lethebula ngu-0. Lapho ukala i-vacuum, inani layo liphakathi kuka-0 kanye -101.325KPa (ngokuvamile ivezwa njengenombolo eyinegethivu). Isibonelo, uma inani lokulinganisa lingu-30KPa, kusho ukuthi iphampu ingampontshelwa kusimo se-vacuum esingaphansi ngo-30KPa kunokucindezela komkhathi endaweni yokulinganisa. Lapho iphampu efanayo ikalwa ezindaweni ezihlukene, inani layo lokucindezela elihlobene lingase lihluke, ngoba ukucindezela komkhathi wezindawo zokulinganisa ezihlukene kuhlukile, okubangelwa izimo ezihlukile zenhloso ezifana nokuphakama nokushisa ezindaweni ezihlukene. Ngamafuphi, ingcindezi yomoya ehlotshaniswa "nomfutho womoya wendawo yokulinganisa" njengereferensi ibizwa ngokuthi: "ingcindezi ehlobene" noma "i-vacuum ehlobene".
4. Indlela ejwayeleke kakhulu neyisayensi embonini ye-vacuum yamazwe ngamazwe ukusebenzisa uphawu lokucindezela okuphelele; ibuye isetshenziswe kabanzi ngenxa yendlela elula yokulinganisa i-vacuum ehlobene, izinsimbi zokulinganisa ezivame kakhulu, ukuthenga okulula kanye nenani elishibhile. Yiqiniso, lezi zibili ziyashintshana ngokomqondo. Indlela yokuguqula imi kanje: ukucindezela okuphelele = ukucindezela komoya endaweni yokulinganisa - inani eliphelele lokucindezela okuhlobene.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-27-2022